Abstract: Eco-communities are specifically planned and set up for people to come and live together with the goal of living and working according to ecological principles by promoting a degree of sharing (see also work-sharing) and pursuing well-being through more sustainable life-styles, direct democracy and a degree of autonomy. Participative DIY non-monetary practices are applied for agricultural, material and service provisioning which express the idea of convivial places where the means of production are held in common. Renewable energies or energy-conserving means of production and transport, such as bicycles are favoured. Materials and production processes tend to be low-impact and often items are recycled from waste or re-used or repaired Eco-communities can be considered as both material and immaterial commons because they manage land and physical resources communally while, at the same time, set norms, beliefs, institutions and processes that empower a common identity which in turn contributes to the preservation and reproduction of the community.